MDX Support

Velite supports MDX out of the box. You can use MDX to write your content, and Velite will automatically render it for you.

Some examples that may help you:

examples/nextjs - A Next.js and MDX example.
zce/taxonomy - A fork of shadcn-ui/taxonomy using Velite.

Getting Started

For example, suppose you have the following content structure:

diff

project-root
├── content
│   └── posts
│       └── hello-world.mdx
├── public
├── package.json
└── velite.config.js

The./content/posts/hello-world.mdx document is a MDX document with the following content:

mdx

---
title: Hello world
---

export const year = 2023

# Last year’s snowfall

In {year}, the snowfall was above average.
It was followed by a warm spring which caused
flood conditions in many of the nearby rivers.

<Chart year={year} color="#fcb32c" />

Use the s.mdx() schema to add the compiled MDX code to your content collection.

import { defineConfig, s } from 'velite'

export default defineConfig({
  collections: {
    posts: {
      name: 'Post',
      pattern: 'posts/*.mdx',
      schema: s.object({
        title: s.string(),
        code: s.mdx()
      })
    }
  }
})

Run velite build and you will get the following data structure:

json

{
  "posts": [
    {
      "title": "Hello world",
      "code": "const{Fragment:n,jsx:e,jsxs:t}=arguments[0],o=2023;function _createMdxContent(r){const a={h1:\"h1\",p:\"p\",...r.components},{Chart:c}=a;return c||function(n,e){throw new Error(\"Expected \"+(e?\"component\":\"object\")+\" `\"+n+\"` to be defined: you likely forgot to import, pass, or provide it.\")}(\"Chart\",!0),t(n,{children:[e(a.h1,{children:\"Last year’s snowfall\"}),\"\\n\",t(a.p,{children:[\"In \",o,\", the snowfall was above average.\\nIt was followed by a warm spring which caused\\nflood conditions in many of the nearby rivers.\"]}),\"\\n\",e(c,{year:o,color:\"#fcb32c\"})]})}return{year:o,default:function(n={}){const{wrapper:t}=n.components||{};return t?e(t,{...n,children:e(_createMdxContent,{...n})}):_createMdxContent(n)}};"
    }
  ]
}

By default, Velite will compile the MDX content into a function-body string, which can be used to render the content in your application.

Rendering MDX Content

First, you can create a generic component for rendering the compiled mdx code. It should accept the code and a list of components that are used in the MDX content.

./components/mdx-content.tsx:

tsx

import * as runtime from 'react/jsx-runtime'

const sharedComponents = {
  // Add your global components here
}

// parse the Velite generated MDX code into a React component function
const useMDXComponent = (code: string) => {
  const fn = new Function(code)
  return fn({ ...runtime }).default
}

interface MDXProps {
  code: string
  components?: Record<string, React.ComponentType>
}

// MDXContent component
export const MDXContent = ({ code, components }: MDXProps) => {
  const Component = useMDXComponent(code)
  return <Component components={{ ...sharedComponents, ...components }} />
}

Then, you can use the MDXContent component to render the MDX content:

./pages/posts/[slug].tsx:

tsx

import { posts } from '@/.velite'
import { Chart } from '@/components/chart' // import your custom components
import { MDXContent } from '@/components/mdx-content'

export default function Post({ params: { slug } }) {
  const post = posts.find(i => i.slug === slug)
  return (
    <article>
      <h1>{post.title}</h1>
      <MDXContent code={post.code} components={{ Chart }} />
    </article>
  )
}

FAQ

How to import components in MDX?

You don't need to, since Velite's s.mdx() schema does not bundle those components at build time. There is no need to construct a import tree. This can help reduce output size for your contents.

For example, suppose you extract a common component for multiple MDXs and import the component in these MDXs.

./components/callout.tsx./posts/foo.mdx./posts/bar.mdx

tsx

export const Callout = ({ children }: { children: React.ReactNode }) => {
  // your common component
  return <div style={{ border: '1px solid #ddd', padding: '1rem' }}>{children}</div>
}

mdx

---
title: Foo
---

import { Callout } from '../components/callout'

# Foo

<Callout>This is foo callout.</Callout>

mdx

---
title: Bar
---

import { Callout } from '../components/callout'

# Bar

<Callout>This is bar callout.</Callout>

If Velite uses a bundler to comiple your MDX, the Callout component will be bundled into each MDX file, which will cause a lot of redundancy in the output code.

Instead, simply use whatever components you want in your MDX files without a import.

./posts/foo.mdx./posts/bar.mdx

mdx

---
title: Foo
---

# Foo

<Callout>This is foo callout.</Callout>

mdx

---
title: Bar
---

# Bar

<Callout>This is bar callout.</Callout>

Then, inject the components into the MDXContent component:

tsx

import { Callout } from '@/components/callout'
import { MDXContent } from '@/components/mdx-content'

export default function Post({ params: { slug } }) {
  const post = posts.find(i => i.slug === slug)
  return (
    <article>
      <h1>{post.title}</h1>
      <MDXContent code={post.code} components={{ Callout }} />
    </article>
  )
}

You can also add global components so that they are available to all MDX files.

tsx

import * as runtime from 'react/jsx-runtime'

import { Callout } from '@/components/callout'

const sharedComponents = {
  // Add your global components here
  Callout
}

const useMDXComponent = (code: string) => {
  const fn = new Function(code)
  return fn({ ...runtime }).default
}

interface MDXProps {
  code: string
  components?: Record<string, React.ComponentType>
}

export const MDXContent = ({ code, components }: MDXProps) => {
  const Component = useMDXComponent(code)
  return <Component components={{ ...sharedComponents, ...components }} />
}

What if I want to bundle MDX?

If you can make do with the increased output size, bundling MDX can be a good option for better portability.

You can install the following packages to bundle MDX:

bash

npm i esbuild @fal-works/esbuild-plugin-global-externals @mdx-js/esbuild --save-dev

Then, create a custom schema for MDX bundling:

CAUTION

The following code is just a simple example. You may need to adjust it according to your actual situation.

import { dirname, join } from 'node:path'
import { globalExternals } from '@fal-works/esbuild-plugin-global-externals'
import mdxPlugin from '@mdx-js/esbuild'
import { build } from 'esbuild'

import type { Plugin } from 'esbuild'

const compileMdx = async (source: string, path: string, options: CompileOptions): Promise<string> => {
  const virtualSourse: Plugin = {
    name: 'virtual-source',
    setup: build => {
      build.onResolve({ filter: /^__faker_entry/ }, args => {
        return {
          path: join(args.resolveDir, args.path),
          pluginData: { contents: source } // for mdxPlugin
        }
      })
    }
  }

  const bundled = await build({
    entryPoints: [`__faker_entry.mdx`],
    absWorkingDir: dirname(path),
    write: false,
    bundle: true,
    target: 'node18',
    platform: 'neutral',
    format: 'esm',
    globalName: 'VELITE_MDX_COMPONENT',
    treeShaking: true,
    jsx: 'automatic',
    minify: true,
    plugins: [
      virtualSourse,
      mdxPlugin({}),
      globalExternals({
        react: {
          varName: 'React',
          type: 'cjs'
        },
        'react-dom': {
          varName: 'ReactDOM',
          type: 'cjs'
        },
        'react/jsx-runtime': {
          varName: '_jsx_runtime',
          type: 'cjs'
        }
      })
    ]
  })

  return bundled.outputFiles[0].text.replace('var VELITE_MDX_COMPONENT=', 'return ')
}

export const mdxBundle = (options: MdxOptions = {}) =>
  custom<string>().transform<string>(async (value, { meta: { path, content, config }, addIssue }) => {
    value = value ?? content
    if (value == null) {
      addIssue({ fatal: true, code: 'custom', message: 'The content is empty' })
      return null as never
    }

    const enableGfm = options.gfm ?? config.mdx?.gfm ?? true
    const enableMinify = options.minify ?? config.mdx?.minify ?? true
    const removeComments = options.removeComments ?? config.mdx?.removeComments ?? true
    const copyLinkedFiles = options.copyLinkedFiles ?? config.mdx?.copyLinkedFiles ?? true
    const outputFormat = options.outputFormat ?? config.mdx?.outputFormat ?? 'function-body'

    const remarkPlugins = [] as PluggableList
    const rehypePlugins = [] as PluggableList

    if (enableGfm) remarkPlugins.push(remarkGfm) // support gfm (autolink literals, footnotes, strikethrough, tables, tasklists).
    if (removeComments) remarkPlugins.push(remarkRemoveComments) // remove html comments
    if (copyLinkedFiles) remarkPlugins.push([remarkCopyLinkedFiles, config.output]) // copy linked files to public path and replace their urls with public urls
    if (options.remarkPlugins != null) remarkPlugins.push(...options.remarkPlugins) // apply remark plugins
    if (options.rehypePlugins != null) rehypePlugins.push(...options.rehypePlugins) // apply rehype plugins
    if (config.mdx?.remarkPlugins != null) remarkPlugins.push(...config.mdx.remarkPlugins) // apply global remark plugins
    if (config.mdx?.rehypePlugins != null) rehypePlugins.push(...config.mdx.rehypePlugins) // apply global rehype plugins

    const compilerOptions = { ...config.mdx, ...options, outputFormat, remarkPlugins, rehypePlugins }

    try {
      return await compileMdx(value, path, compilerOptions)
    } catch (err: any) {
      addIssue({ fatal: true, code: 'custom', message: err.message })
      return null as never
    }
  })

Then, you can use the custom schema in your velite.config.js:

import { defineConfig, s } from 'velite'

import { mdxBundle } from './mdx'

export default defineConfig({
  collections: {
    posts: {
      name: 'Post',
      pattern: 'posts/*.mdx',
      schema: s.object({
        title: s.string(),
        code: mdxBundle()
      })
    }
  }
})

MDX Support ​

Getting Started ​

Rendering MDX Content ​

FAQ ​

How to import components in MDX? ​

What if I want to bundle MDX? ​

MDX Support

Getting Started

Rendering MDX Content

FAQ

How to import components in MDX?

What if I want to bundle MDX?